‘The Unforgettable History’ Summary
Main text/speech as in English For Today for Classes 11-12 (HSC English First Part Textbook) has around 1600 words. The summary beneath has around 500 words. The summary has been written for each para so that you can find them easy to write in exams. However, you should write the summary in a paragraph in exams. You can omit the phrases in the third brackets [ ] if you want to make it shorter.
The Unforgettable History Summary
(1st para) Addressing as brothers, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman tells/reminds/draws attention of the audience to the grief caused by the brutality (and murder) nationwide by the opressors. He echoes the want of freedom, life and rights of the Bengalis. (2nd para) Then Sheikh Mujib muses/reflects on/recalls the tragic history of Bengal of the last 23 years under West Pakistani regime, full of tortures and deprivations – last but not the least, depriving the elected party Awami League of forming government. (3rd para) He enlists the years which landmark the events of political deprivation/oppression faced by the Bengalis in Pakistan – murders in language movement in 1952, annulment/dismissal of the provincial government elected in 1954, declaration of Martial Law by Ayub Khan in 1958, murders in the six point movement in 1966, transfer of power to Yahya Khan in 1969 and his false promises thereafter. (4th para) Mujib quotes his flexible proposals [as a representative of the majority in whole of Pakistan] to Yahya to arrange National Assembly sessions and Yahya’s conspiring with Mr. Bhutto together. (5th para) Bhutto then comes for further negotiations and Mujib complies with it. But Bhutto plots a rumour of an assassination planned for the West Pakistani MPs [coming in Bengal for the Assembly and resolves to prevent it]. (6th para) Mujib resolves that the Assembly would meet and President Yahya complies with it. Accordingly, 35 MPs from West Pakistan come to Bengal but Yahya treacherously dissolves it based on the same rumour plotted by Bhutto. (7th para) Afterwards, Mujib describes his leading a peaceful general strike observed by the Bengalis. (8 th para) But then he has to painfully describe the oppression by the West Pakistanis on this peaceful movement with bullets fired on Bengalis[, the majority people in Pakistan]. (9th para) Mujib demands justice for the massacre carried out, but Yahya proposes a Round Table Conference instead. Mujib strongly denies it [and condemns Yahya’s actions as the President]. (10th para)Again addressing as brothers, Sheikh Mujib tells the audience his refusal to join the Assembly on the 25 March and his preconditions – to withdraw Martial Law, to send back the army to the barracks, to punish the murderers. He then calls for a nationwide General Strike indefinitely, for executive institutions to shut down with an exemption for transports and banks. Mujib warns the authorities from doing any further aggression, and if done, he guides the audience to confront the enemy with whatever they have [till death even in his absence]. (11th para) He strongly warns the army personnel from taking part in aggression. (12th para), Mujib then goes on to address certain issues regarding the strike – he guides the relief process of the martyrs and the wounded, demands the payment of wages for factory workers during the strike, declares exemptions of tax and custom duties till liberation and demands obedience from the government employees. (13th para) He warns them from the enemy plotting from inside and to maintain internal and communal harmony. (14th para) Next, he demands the workers in radio, television, telegram and banks to conform with their cause, or be faced by the Bengalis. (15th, 16th, 17th and 18th paras) In his final remarks, Sheikh Mujib tells his people to revolt under Awami League’s and fight for this struggle of freedom and emancipation. He concludes with prayer for Bengal to live long.
The Unforgettable History Word Meanings in Ba
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Word |
Synonyms |
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1. Grief (noun) |
sorrow, misery, sadness, anguish, pain, distress, agony, torment, affliction, suffering, heartache, heartbreak, woe, desolation, despondency, dejection, despair, angst, mortification |
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2. Yet (adverb) |
nevertheless, nonetheless, even so, but, however, still, notwithstanding, despite that, hitherto, till now |
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3. Fortunate (adjective) |
lucky, favoured, blessed, auspicious, born under a lucky star, having a charmed life, charmed, happy |
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4. Significant (adjective) |
important, notable, noteworthy, serious, remarkable, outstanding, of consequence, consequential |
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5. Awash (adjective) |
flooded, covered with water, afloat, submerged, engulfed, submersed |
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6. Overflowing (adjective, verb) |
brimming, overwhelmed, overfull, full to bursting, full to the brim, overcrowded, packed like sardines, congested, choked, overloaded, swelled up, thronged, swarming, teeming |
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7. Constitution (noun) সংবিধান, শাসনতন্ত্র |
charter, set of laws, social code, body of law, system of rules |
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8. Import ( noun ) |
implication, importance, effect |
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9.Cope (verb, noun ) |
vie, contend, manage, survive, subsist, tire, headwear |
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10. Draft (noun) |
manuscript, preliminary version, sketch, outline, plan, blueprint, skeleton, abstract, main points, bones, bare bones |
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11. Regret( noun, verb ) |
contrition, remorse, grief, lamentation, lament, bewail, |
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12. Tragic( adjective) |
sorrowful, grievous, miserable, disastrous, calamitous, catastrophic, cataclysmic, devastating, terrible, dreadful, appalling, horrendous, dire, ruinous, gruesome, awful, miserable, wretched, unfortunate |
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13. Inflict ( verb ) |
strike, deliver, torture, impose, force, press, thrust, foist |
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14. Torture(verb, noun ) |
torment, anguish, misery, oppression, maltreatment, punishment, persecution |
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15. Victor (noun ) |
winner, champion, conqueror, vanquisher, prizewinner, medallist, cup winner, prizeman |
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16. Assume (verb ) |
presume, suppose, take on, presuppose, conjecture, surmise, conclude, come to the conclusion, deduce, reckon, reason, guess, imagine, think, fancy, accept, believe, understand |
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17. Bloodshed (verb ) |
killing, carnage, bloody affair |
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18. Agony ( noun) |
suppressed pain, suffering, affliction, trauma, trouble, privation, misery, distress, grief, woe, wretchedness, heartbreak, heartache, pangs, throes |
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19. Crimson (adjective) |
scarlet, reddish, red, |
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20. Enslave (verb) |
subjugate, sell into slavery, defeat, enfetter, overwhelm |
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21. Reins(noun ) |
bridle, restraint, check, curb, constraint, restriction, limitation, control |
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22. Assembly( noun ) |
gathering, meeting, congregation, convention, rally, convocation, congress, council, synod, audience, assemblage, turnout, group, body, crowd, throng, company |
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23. So far (adverbial ) |
until now, up to now, up to this point, as yet, thus far, hitherto, up to date, by this time |
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24. Observe( verb) |
Synonym: notice, see, note, perceive, discern, remark, spot, detect, discover, distinguish, make out |
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25. Session( noun ) |
meeting, sitting, assembly, conclave, hearing,conference, discussion, forum, symposium |
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26. Negotiation ( noun ) |
discussion, discussions, talks, consultation, consultations, parleying, mediation, arbitration, intercession, conciliation |
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27. Slaughter (verb, noun ) |
kill, butcher, murder, massacre, rout, slay |
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28. Reign( noun, verb ) |
supremacy, mastery, regime, rule, government, realm |
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29. Democracy (noun ) |
republic, constitutional government, popular government,self-government, government by the people, autonomy, commonwealth |
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30. Majority (noun) |
dominance, larger number, greater number, greater part, major part, most, bulk, mass, predominance, generality, lion’s share |
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31. Hold( verb ) |
lay, retain, maintain, bear, catch, tolerate, contain |
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32. Instead ( adverb) |
as an alternative, as a substitute, as a replacement, in lieu, alternatively rather, by contrast |
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33. Prorogue( verb ) |
adjourn, cease, break, defer, discontinue |
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34. Protest (verb, noun ) |
object, dissent, gainsay, contradict, challenge, contravention |
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35. Spontaneously( adverb )
36. Firm (adjective) |
effortlessly, voluntarily, impulsively, extemporaneously, without cause
resolute, determined, decided, resolved, steadfast,adamant, assertive, emphatic, insistent, unfaltering, unwavering, unflinching, unswerving, unyielding, unbending, inflexible, obdurate, obstinate, stubborn, intransigent |
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37. Determination ( noun ) |
resolution, resolve, resoluteness ,will power, strength of will, strength of character, single-mindedness, purposefulness, intentness, decision, decidedness |
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38. Constitute ( verb ) |
comprise, shape, inaugurate, initiate, establish, found, create, set up, put in place, start, begin, originate, form, organize, develop |
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39. External ( adjective ) |
outer, outside, outermost, outward, exterior, surface, superficial visible, extrinsic, extraneous |
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40. Apparent(adjective ) |
evident, plain, obvious, clear, manifest, visible, discernible, perceptible, perceivable, noticeable, detectable, recognizable, observable |
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41. Wretched( adjective ) |
unlucky, woeful, harsh, hard, grim, stark, difficult,poor, poverty-stricken, impoverished, pitiful, piteous, pathetic, tragic, miserable, bleak, cheerless, hopeless, sorry, sordid, shabby |
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42. Downtrodden (adjective ) |
oppressed, subjugated, persecuted, subdued, repressed, tyrannized, enslaved, burdened, exploited, disadvantaged, underprivileged, victimized, browbeaten, abused, misused, maltreated, ill-treated |
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43. Mow (verb) |
cut, cut down, scythe, shear, trim crop, clip |
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44. Deprived (adjective) |
disadvantaged, underprivileged, poverty-stricken, impoverished, poor, destitute, needy, depressed, distressed, forlorn |
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45. Massacre (noun ) |
carnage, slaughter, butcher, murder, kill, annihilate, exterminate, decimate, kill off, wipe out, put to the sword |
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46. Wade ( verb ) |
paddle, wallow, dabble, slop, squelch, trudge, plod |
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47. Spill(verb ) |
stream, pour, surge, swarm, flood, throng, crowd, mill |
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48. Although (conjunction ) |
in spite of, despite the fact that, notwithstanding the fact that, notwithstanding that, even though, even if, despite the possibility that, albeit, however, yet, but |
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49. Withdraw (verb ) |
abolish, cancel, lift, raise, set aside, discontinue, end, stop, terminate, remove, reverse, revoke, rescind, repeal, countermand, annul, void |
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50. Barracks (noun) |
garrison, camp, encampment, depot, billet, quarters, fort, cantonment, guardhouse |
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51. Representative (noun, adjective) |
delegate, envoy, ambassador, deputy, courier, surrogate |
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52. Secretariat (noun) |
office, bureau, registers, prefecture |
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53. Convent (noun ) |
priory, abbey, monastery, religious house, religious community, cloister |
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54. Fort ( noun) |
fortress, castle, citadel, blockhouse, tower, turret, stronghold, redoubt, fortification, bastion |
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55. Confront ( verb ) |
challenge, oppose, resist, defy, beard, tackle, attack, assault |
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56. Indefinitely( adverb ) |
indeterminately, hesitantly, doubtfully, unspecifically |
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57. Magistracy (noun ) |
Synonym: Judiciary, Court |
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58. Revolt (verb, noun ) |
rebel, insurgency, rebellion, rise up, take up arms, riot, mutiny, uprising, show resistance,oppose, resist, defy, disobey |
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59. Hardship (noun ) |
privation, deprivation, destitution, poverty, austerity, penury, want, need, neediness, beggary, impecuniousness, impecuniosity, distress,misfortune, suffering, affliction, trouble, pain, misery, wretchedness, tribulation, adversity, disaster, ruin, ruination, calamity |
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60. Direct (verb, adjective) |
operate, manage, conduct, lead straight, undeviating, unswerving shortest, quickest |
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61. Standstill(noun ) |
halt, stalemate, deadlock, dead stop, stagnancy, unswerving, immobility |
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62. Starve (verb ) |
famish, fast, bereave |
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63. Bother (verb ) |
disturb, trouble, fret, worry, meddle, harass, molest, plague, beset, torment, nag, annoy, upset, irritate, vex, provoke |
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64. Anarchy (noun ) |
lawlessness, disorder, chaos, nihilism, mobocracy, revolution, insurrection, riot, rebellion,disorganization, misrule, tumult, turmoil, mayhem, pandemonium |
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65. Taint (noun, verb ) |
mark, scar, flaw, contaminate, pollute, adulterate, infect, blight, befoul, spoil, soil, ruin, destroy |
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66. Transmit (verb ) |
transfer, pass on, send, communicate, convey, impart, channel, carry, bear, relay, dispatch, mediate disseminate, spread, circulate, diffuse, radiate |
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67. Suppress ( verb ) |
subdue, put down, curb, defeat, conquer, vanquish, triumph over, repress, crush, quell, quash, squash, stamp out, overpower, extinguish, crack down |
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68. Martyr( verb, noun ) |
put to death, kill, martyrize, crucify |
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69. Wage (noun ) |
pay, payment, remuneration, salary, emolument, fee, allowance, honorarium,income, revenue,yield, profit, gain, reimbursement, earnings |
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70. Chaos (noun) |
disorder, disarray, disorganization, confusion, mayhem, bedlam, pandemonium, madness, havoc, turmoil, tumult, commotion, disruption, upheaval, furore, frenzy, uproar, hue and cry, babel, hurly-burly |
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71. Abroad (adverb ) |
outdoor, oversea, away, foreign |
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72. Attempt(verb, noun ) |
try, strive, aim, venture, endeavour, seek, set out, effort, spare no effort |
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73. Wound (noun, verb ) |
injury, injure, hurt, mutilate, maim, lesion, cut, gash, tear, sore, graze, scratch, scrape, abrasion, bruise, contusion, trauma |
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74. Assist (verb ) |
help, aid, support, favour, abet, give assistance to, oblige, accommodate, serve |
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75. Mean ( noun) |
sake, behalfmoney, resources, capital, income, finance, funds, cash, the wherewithal, assets, bread, dibs, moolah, shekels, gelt, loot, oof, scratch, splosh |
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76. Relief(noun) |
remission, salvation, rescue, redemption, release, substitute, deputy, reserve, supply |
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77. Exterminate (verb ) |
Synonym: smash, ruin, destroy, annihilate, uproot, kill, put to death, slaughter, butcher, massacre, wipe out, chambers, ethnically cleanse, destroy, eliminate, |
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78. Appropriate (adjective) |
suitable, proper, fitting, apt, relevant, connected, pertinent, apposite, applicable, germane, right, convenient, expedient, favourable, auspicious, propitious |
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79. Revolution ( noun ) |
rebellion, revolt, insurrection, mutiny, uprising, rising, insurgence, insurgency, coup, overthrow, seizure of power, regime change, subversion, disorder, protest, strike |
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80. Liberate (verb ) |
release, redeem, aquit, set free, free, release, let out, let go, discharge, set loose, save, rescue, unshackle, unfetter, unchain, untie, unmanacle, unbind |
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81. Emancipation(noun ) |
liberation, freedom, independence, liberty, swaraj, salvation, release,unfettering, unshackling, unyoking |
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82. Community (noun ) |
population, society, citizenry, public, collective,nation, state, country, realm, commonwealth, homeland |
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83. Possession(noun ) |
ownership, proprietorship, property, belongings, claim, control, charge, hold, title, guardianship |